Protocols and equipment for protecting firefighters exposed to heat during wildfire response and rescue operations.
26 articles
Fire & Rescue
A practical guide to building a fire department rehab sector that meets NFPA 1580's rehabilitation requirements, and where whole-body immersion cooling fits in the cycle.
14 September 2026
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Since early July, Algeria has faced one of its most severe wildfire seasons on record under a heatwave that topped 48°C. More than 19,000 Civil Protection personnel have been mobilized nationwide, and the toll from this week's fires is still climbing.
29 August 2026
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With the wildfire danger index at its highest level across several German states and temperatures topping 40°C, Germany's Feuerwehr faced an exertional heat stroke risk in 2026 that the country is only beginning to document.
27 August 2026
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Croatian firefighters have logged hundreds of interventions a day across the Adriatic coast and islands in 2026, raising the same exertional heat stroke risk seen elsewhere in Southern Europe.
6 August 2026
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Greece's August 2026 wildfires have already killed five firefighters and crew, and the exertional heat stroke risk behind those numbers remains largely undocumented.
6 August 2026
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Philippine fire incidents peak in the same March-to-May window as danger-level heat index readings, putting BFP firefighters under a compounded heat stress risk that gets little attention.
6 August 2026
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From Oklahoma City to rural Indiana, five US departments show how cold water immersion is moving from pilot program to standard equipment in 2026.
31 July 2026
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A comparison of firefighter rehabilitation and cooling standards across the US, UK, Australia and New Zealand, and France, including the NFPA 1580 (formerly NFPA 1584) rehabilitation requirement.
29 July 2026
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Northwest Allen County Fire Protection District equipped crews with rapid cooling gear in July 2026, proving cold water immersion scales to small and rural departments too.
29 July 2026
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OKCFD transport crews are among the first in Oklahoma to carry cold water immersion for heat emergencies, a shift that reflects a national move in fire-based EMS.
28 July 2026
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Phoenix Fire Department's 2026 mountain rescue numbers are up more than 50 percent, and each one exposes what cold water immersion needs to look like away from a road.
28 July 2026
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What five consecutive nights fighting the 2026 Gironde and Landes wildfires reveal about exertional heat stroke risk among French firefighters.
27 July 2026
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What Spain's 2026 wildfire season reveals about exertional heat stroke risk among firefighters, and what fire services elsewhere can learn from it.
27 July 2026
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Across French SDIS, SAMU and event medical services, Kollder has become the preferred cold water immersion supplier. Here is the specification that got it there.
21 July 2026
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French SDIS departments treat cold water immersion as standard-issue equipment. Here is what changes when a fire department makes that same shift.
20 July 2026
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France runs cold water immersion through its SDIS network as standard practice, not a pilot program. Here is how that happened and what it looks like on the ground.
17 July 2026
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Fire departments know cold water immersion is the standard of care for exertional heat stroke, yet adoption on apparatus remains inconsistent. Here is why.
9 July 2026
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Rehab sectors at structure and wildland fires exist to catch exertional hyperthermia before it becomes exertional heat stroke.
9 July 2026
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A community heat action plan and a fire department's internal heat response share a name but not always the same scope.
9 July 2026
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A fire department's own medical staff can know general first aid thoroughly and still be underprepared for exertional heat stroke if training has not kept pace with the evidence.
9 July 2026
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The officer in charge on scene makes the call that decides whether a heat stroke patient gets immersion cooling in time or not.
9 July 2026
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Cadet programs put teenagers through many of the same physical drills as career firefighters, and that means the same exertional heat stroke risk applies.
9 July 2026
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Before a cooling tub reaches an apparatus, a fire department's medical service has to validate it against clinical and operational criteria.
9 July 2026
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On May 24, 2026, the Paris Fire Brigade (BSPP) responded to multiple heat strokes at a running event in Maisons-Alfort, deploying several field immersion tubs on site. A real-world confirmation of the Cool First Transport Second protocol.
25 May 2026
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In 2024, Phoenix Fire Department treated over 300 heat stroke patients with prehospital cold water immersion. Despite the hottest summer on record, heat deaths dropped. The peer-reviewed data and lessons for every EMS agency.
24 May 2026
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Wildfire seasons are getting longer and more intense. Heat stroke is one of the leading preventable causes of firefighter death. Here is what every fire service medical officer needs to know before summer.
20 May 2026
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